Date of Award
5-2015
Culminating Project Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Biological Sciences - Cell and Molecular: M.S.
Department
Biology
College
College of Science and Engineering
First Advisor
Marina Cetkovic-Cvrlje
Second Advisor
Latha Ramakrishnan
Third Advisor
Timothy Schuh
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License.
Keywords and Subject Headings
Immunotoxicology, environment, children's health, cytokines, polychlorinated biphenyls
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes {Tl D) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the Tcell- mediated destruction of insulin-producing P-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The steady increase in prevalence and incidence of Tl D across the globe suggests disease onset may be contributed by various environmental factors besides genetics, such as persistent organic pollutants (POP). Given that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-153 is a highly abundant POP in both the environment and mammalian tissues, there is reason to believe the compound may be an environmental factor influencing disease susceptibility and onset. Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, the best experimental model for studying TID, were exposed to intraperitoneal injections of PCB-153 in a 10-day acute (50mg/Kg or 0.5mg/Kg) or 16-week chronic (12.5mg/Kg or 0.125mg/Kg) fashion. Analysis of various immune parameters, including T-cell types and subtypes, T-cell proliferative responses, as well as their cytokine secretions, revealed that both acute and chronic exposure to PCB-153 caused significant immunosuppression in all PCB-153- exposed mice. Based on the significant decreases in c04+ T-helper cells and reduced secretion of interleukin {IL)-2 it is plausible to believe that T-helper 1 {TH1) cells are the most susceptible cell population to PCB-153 exposure. This is further supported by the decrease in TlD incidence observed in mice chronically exposed to either dose of PCB-153. Overall, this study not only reveals for the first time the protective effects of PCB-153 exposure on TlD, but brings the awareness about PCB-153's "antidiabetogenic" immunosuppressive effects in the context of influencing the action of other co-pollutants, as PCB-153 might mask other pollutants' effects on TIO development.
Recommended Citation
Kuiper, Jordan R., "Abatement of Type 1 Diabetes as a Result of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)-153 Exposure in the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse Model" (2015). Culminating Projects in Biology. 66.
https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/biol_etds/66
